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<p>The financial aid system is still structured to be based primarily on income, not assets. Basically, after the asset & income protection levels are reached, every extra $1000 of assets is going to result in an increase of EFC by $56, whereas every extra $1000 of income increases EFC by ~$450. So those “savvy” families would also need to keep their reportable income levels low, which is hard to do and maintain a high spending lifestyle. </p>
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<p>That is rare among private schools – most do take into account the value of a home, which can be very difficult for middle class earners like me (single parent, ~$45K annual income) who also live in areas where real estate values have skyrocketed. I’m “house poor” --that is, by the time I pay my mortgage, real estate taxes, and expenses for regular upkeep and maintenance… there’s not much left over. On paper the house looks like it is worth a lot, but in terms of the local market, it’s valued on the low end – so there’s no trading down. And, of course, when my d. started college, there was no possibility of tapping my equity – my income was not enough to qualify for a larger home loan. </p>
<p>So basically, a luxury home for you would have helped at a handful of heavily endowed schools, but the vast majority of private colleges would have looked at the market value of your home. </p>
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<p>Well, you could boycott the Ivy League if you felt the policies were unfair. But I think their generous aid policies were adopted in response to a problem in that they were losing the true middle class from their student demographic. If you look at figures from 8-10 years back-- when they did take into account home values and before they announced generous aid initiatives for families earning under $60K – they had very few students with families in the $40-$75K income range. They were getting very poor, Pell eligible students – and upper income students… but if you had drawn an income graph you would have seen a big dip in the middle – and that probably was not good overall for the goals of the school or for student life. Those true middle income students – (I say “true” because I mean the ones whose families really fit the middle quintile on any charting of average household incomes) – simply weren’t getting enough aid to make the Ivy’s affordable to them. </p>
<p>That’s the big difference. Leaving aside the families who may game the system, there’s a difference between “affordable” and “preferable”. Everyone would like to conserve assets, but on the lower end of the spectrum there aren’t any assets to conserve – those families are facing the prospect of borrowing, and their income determines the limits of their borrowing.</p>
<p>I don’t think families gaming the system is nearly as widespread as you think. Since financial aid information is confidential, you do need to realize that just as the neighbors may lie about their kids’ SAT scores, they may also misrepresent how much they are getting in aid. I’ve heard too many people claim their kid was getting an academic scholarship to attend Harvard to give all that much credence to what people claim they are getting in aid.</p>