<p>*Describe how the modern theory of evolution is supported by evidence from the following areas:</p>
<p>(a)comparative anatomy
(b)biogeography
(c)embryology</p>
<pre><code> Modern theory of evolution states that all organisms have descended from a single common ancestor and that natural selection has allowed only those individuals of these species that have the favorable adaptations to propagate and survive through generations. Comparative anatomy, biogeography, and embryology are areas of studies that engender evidence for this theory.
Via comparative anatomy, scientists were able to see anatomical links in organisms that were evolutionarily related. Homologous structures were found among different species that have evolved to use the same undergirding anatomical structures for disparate purposes to cope with their respective environmental pressures. For example, the whales fin, human forearm, and a bats wing all share a similar underlying anatomical structure, providing evidence of a common ancestor. Yet, a whales fin is for navigating in the sea, a human arm is for lifting objects, and a bats wing is for flying and flapping. On the other hand, there are analogous structures that organisms developed as favorable traits (or adaptations) to be selected in environments with similar environmental pressures. Examples include a bats wing and a flys wing.
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<p>With biogeography, scientists are able to learn about the distribution of organisms in the past and in the present. Such information elucidates how different the earth was billions of years ago and becomes further evidence for evolution due to the distinct past environments it points to. One example relates to the theory of continental drift. By studying the location of marsupial fossils and the current distribution of marsupials, which are limited exclusively to Australia, scientists are able to uphold the theory of continental drift, which states that the continents have drifted to become what they are now from a super-continent of the past called Pangaea.
Through embryology, scientists are also able to find underlying links that imply evolutionary relationships. One example is related to the gill pouches that develop in the embryos of humans and fish. As these embryos mature into fully-fledged adult organisms, the gill pouches in humans turn into eustachian tubes, while those in the fish become gills. The fact that the embryos of these two very distinct species share a feature points to an undergirding evolutionary kinship between the two species.</p>
<p>Muchas gracias in advance :)!</p>