@Shelly9909
Don’t confuse the terms Accepted/Admitted with Enrolled. There is also another term called the Yield Rate which I will also explain below.
The number of accepted students is the Acceptance Rate times the total number of applicants.
Rounding the numbers from @joedoe to 20,000 applicants and a 40% Acceptance Rate and you would come up with 8,000 accepted.
However, not all 8,000 will choose to enroll at RPI because they would have other choices. So if 1,650 of the 8,000 accepted students decide to enroll at RPI, you would end up with a Yield Rate of 20.625% (1,650 divided by 8,000).
Statistically speaking, a school’s Yield Rate remains fairly consistent in the most recent few years, or would show a trend of some sort (tending up or trending down). So if a school wants to target a specific number of students to enroll for an upcoming class year, they would use the Yield Rate to determine how many students to accept/admit. The number of students a school could accommodate is limited by the number of beds available and the number of students they could educate based on the staff and classrooms available. Let’s say RPI wishes to enroll 1,500 students next year and have a traditional Yield Rate of 20%, they would have to accept/admit 7,500 students (1,500 divided by 0.20) to meet that target. So in essence, the number of accepted/admitted students for the incoming class could have been determined before receiving even one application. The Acceptance Rate, however, is a result of how many ultimately apply. A school could boost the number of applicants, and drive down the Acceptance Rate, by aggressively recruiting students to apply.
IMHO, while the Acceptance Rate tells you how difficult it is to get in to a school, using it as a means to rank the quality or prestige of a college is oversimplifying things. Schools with a high Yield Rate know that a majority of their applicants will enroll if accepted, so they don’t have to accept too many above their target number, meaning they will end up with a low Acceptance Rate. Schools with a low Yield Rate, on the other hand, must accept/admit many times over their target number in order to enroll the number they need to enroll, and would naturally have a very high Acceptance Rate.