<p>Can someone please explain these answers?
37. Advanced (training) in a foreign language (is) intellectually satisfying and is likely (to be helpful) in (such fields as) education and international business.
a. No error </p>
<p>I thought that "to be helpful" would be wrong because it isn't parallel. Can someone please explain? </p>
<ol>
<li><p>It was expected, however, that researchers (will continue) (their) work to find ways (to lessen) the undesirable effects (of) the African honeybee.
a. the answer is "will continue"
why is that wrong? because of verb tense? can you not use "will" with the past tense (expected)</p></li>
<li><p>Insomniacs (have often) established (so firm) a pattern of sleeplessness that the (very act) of lying down can make (them) more alert.
a. No error</p></li>
</ol>
<p>why isn't "so firm" wrong? shouldn't it be firmly?</p>
<p>Thanks!!</p>
<p>"37. Advanced (training) in a foreign language (is) intellectually satisfying and is likely (to be helpful) in (such fields as) education and international business.
a. No error </p>
<p>I thought that “to be helpful” would be wrong because it isn’t parallel. Can someone please explain?"</p>
<p>“to be helpful” is not part of a multi-verb construction, so it doesn’t have to be parallel in structure; it only has to agree in number and, when appropriate, tense.</p>
<p>“38. It was expected, however, that researchers (will continue) (their) work to find ways (to lessen) the undesirable effects (of) the African honeybee.
a. the answer is “will continue”
why is that wrong? because of verb tense? can you not use “will” with the past tense (expected)”</p>
<p>Yes, the verbs have to agree in tense. Either “was expected” needs to be “is expected” or “will continue” needs to be “would continue.”</p>
<p>"39. Insomniacs (have often) established (so firm) a pattern of sleeplessness that the (very act) of lying down can make (them) more alert.
a. No error</p>
<p>why isn’t “so firm” wrong? shouldn’t it be firmly?"</p>
<p>“firm” is modifying “pattern,” so “firm” is rightly an adjective. “firmly” would not be wrong, but it would change the meaning of the sentence (“firmly” would be modifying “established.”)</p>
<p>““to be helpful” is not part of a multi-verb construction, so it doesn’t have to be parallel in structure; it only has to agree in number and, when appropriate, tense.”</p>
<p>Ermm, could you kindly explain the grammar behind that in non-smart person talk (nerd-jk, we are all nerds here in CC).</p>
<p>What I mean is that there are really only two verbs that need to agree in the sentence, and they do; in fact, they’re the same verb in part (“is” and “is”).</p>
<p>“to be helpful” simply completes “is likely,” so it doesn’t have anything to be parallel to.</p>
<p>silver turtle thank you so much! but for the “is” “is” part, are there other verbs that that rule applies to? such as “have” “have” etc? thanks!</p>
<p>Well, any time two verbs are used in a common structure within a sentence, they need to be parallel. It’s hard to verbally generalize; post some examples sentences about which you’re unsure in terms of verb parallelism.</p>
<p>do not try to memorize verbs to which parallel structure applies. try to understand why some structures have to be consistent and it will be easier to learn</p>
<p>CORRECT: He likes [reading and writing].
CORRECT: He likes [to read and to write].
INCORRECT: He likes [to read and writing].
INCORRECT: He likes [reading and to write].</p>
<p>“reading” and “writing” are both nouns.
“to read” and “to write” are both verbs.
you cannot mix these two structures because the subject likes whatever is in the brackets. The forms in the brackets must be consistent as a group, whether they are noun+noun or verb+verb</p>
<p>CORRECT: He likes [to read], and he likes [writing].</p>
<p>The conjunction “and” separates the two clauses. You can essentially split them into two sentences: He likes to read. He likes writing. They do not have to be parallel because they are not part of the same group or structure.</p>
<p>This is why parallelism is not required in “Advanced training in a foreign language is intellectually satisfying and is likely to be helpful…”
These are seperate ideas:
Advanced training in a foreign language is intellectually satisfying.
Advanced training in a foreign language is likely to be helpful.</p>
<p>“and” is a conjunction that separates two ideas</p>
<p>CORRECT: [Ask] not what your country can do for you; [ask] what you can do for your country.</p>
<p>Although the two clauses are not grammatically connected (the semicolon ; separates the two ideas), they are connected in meaning, so there must be a common structure: the verb. In the first part, JFK is telling you what NOT to ask. In the second part, JFK is telling you what TO ask. So both structures are driven by a verb.</p>