Writing MC questions

<p>A) ... means the same as the original phrase.</p>

<ol>
<li><p>You cannot expect to treat your friends badly and [no one notices].
A) ...
B) and have no one notice
C) without notice by someone
D) without notice by no one
E) without the result of somebody noticing</p></li>
<li><p>[Although the candidate promised both to cut taxes and improve services, he] failed to keep either of them after the election.
A) ...
B) The candidate, having promised both to cut taxes and improve services,
C) Although the candidate made promises both to cut taxes and improve services, he
D) Having promised, first, to cut taxes and, second, to improve services, the candidate
E) The candidate's promises were both to cut taxes and improve services, he</p></li>
</ol>

<p>Is there any difference between A and C? I think D seems fine, but it's too long and doesn't have the "although", so it may distort the relationship between the 2 clauses.</p>

<ol>
<li>Now that Michiko [finished] the research, she feels [reasonably confident] [about writing] her paper on the [rise of] the progressive movement in the US. [No error]</li>
</ol>

<p>Thanks a lot!</p>

<p>1) B - all the other ones are just awkward.
2) C. D is VERY awkward and unnecessarily complicated. A is wrong because later in the sentence, it says “he failed to keep either of them.” The “them” clearly refers to promises. Therefore, promises needs to be used as a noun in the first half of the sentence. As it is, the “them” doesn’t refer to anything and so A is wrong.
3) “finished” to “has finished”</p>

<p>Completely agree with 93tiger16. Those are what I would pick also.</p>

<p>An elaboration of what 93tiger16 said.</p>

<ol>
<li>We can’t say “without notice by no one” because that causes a double negative. B is passive while the sentence starts as active, and E is too wordy. </li>
<li>Here we have an error based on ambiguity; we don’t know what “them” is referring to.
3.From the Internet:
“USE 2. Duration From the Past Until Now (Non-Continuous Verbs)”
This is one of the uses of the present perfect. Since Michiko has been been working on the research in the past until now, we use the present perfect.</li>
</ol>

<p>Thank you very much.</p>