<p>“Looking at data” really isn’t a large part of statistics (it sounds weird, I know). Statistics is more about using statistical methods and tests to determine if the data you’ve collected (or were given) reveals relationships between variables, or trends, or other useful information. Often you will end up using computer software to analyze and compile your data. On class tests you may be asked to calculate different data sets based upon the statistical test you are running, but in the real world computers are typically used to do the actual calculations. Often you are calculating measurements of “central tendency” (mean, median, mode), but there are other things to calculate (variance, standard deviation, etc).</p>
<p>Euler touched on it a bit, but one of the main things in statistics (if not THE main thing) is hypothesis testing. In short, it is comparing real world data vs. probability models to determine “how likely” your measurement of that event (or variable) is to occur. There are endless statistical tests applied depending on the data you have to determine if you reject your null hypothesis or not.</p>
<p>Also, regression analysis is a major part of statistics. Regression is building predictive models based upon known independent variables. Say you wanted to predict the college GPA of a student based upon their high school SAT scores, that could be done using regression analysis.</p>
<p>Other aspects of Statistics include data collection, which may include data mining (a computer science related aspect), or conducting surveys and/or experiments. Surveys (or polls) are very popular with businesses and government to determine trends and public response to different topics. Additionally, surveys are used in the real world to estimate costs, for auditing purposes, and for fraud detection.</p>
<p>Bottom line, there are endless applications for statistics. They are used in pretty much any business, academic and government setting. </p>
<p>Most people either “get it” or “don’t get it” when they first take a stats class. You probably won’t learn a ton in your first college level stats class, as they usually dumb it down as part of a general education requirement. However, if you take upper level stats classes you will run into a lot of mathematical theory, most of which is calculus based.</p>