<p>i got a 95/120 on the 1994 exam i thot it was way easier than the 2008 exam
btw i took the 2008 practice exam (hard!) i dont have the real exam so idk. i heard practice exams are harder</p>
<p>^wow that’s not good because I took the 1994 test and thought it was somewhat hard, then I took the 1999 test and did way better and was like “all right the tests must have gotten easier since early on…” 
bad assumption.</p>
<p>@chipsahui I saw that too, but I think the person who answered is just ■■■■■■■■. But, I’m still going to make sure I know about photosynthesis.</p>
<p>photosynthesis/respiration is pretty much on every frq test…</p>
<p>can anyone explain the endosymbiotic theory? I know it has something to do with mitochondria and chloroplasts</p>
<p>What did you guys get on the 2002 exam? I only answered the first 100 questions to represent the current number of questions on the exam and I got 90 of them right. Lol. Are the tests supposed to be harder or did I just get lucky?</p>
<p>Basically, it’s saying that organelles such as mitochondria and chloroplasts may have once been bacteria that were “eaten” by other, larger, bacteria, but not properly digested or whatever. So, it lived inside of the larger bacteria and developed a relationship with it such that now they can not exist without each other (aka our cells need mitochondria, plant cells need chloroplasts, etc). It basically became a part of that cell.</p>
<p>Evidence for this includes that mitochondria/chloroplasts have their own DNA, their double membranes (because it would have had it’s own membrane as a bacteria, but when it was engulfed it would have been wrapped in the vesicle, which turned into the second membrane.), divide separately in a process similar to binary fission, contain their own ribosomes (I think) and other things I can’t remember…</p>
<p>
It wasn’t last year, so it very well may appear on the FRQs this year.</p>
<p>@Ronaldofan, I’m about to take the 2002 one now…i thought the 1999 one was easy, so I was hoping it was going to get easier as I went along (lol), but someone said the 2008 test was hard so…not really sure.</p>
<p>can anyone explain the endosymbiotic theory? I know it has something to do with mitochondria and chloroplasts
-x-
Basically endosymbiotic theory is the idea that eukaryotes arose as a series of events where a larger prokaryote engulfed a smaller one, and that smaller prokaryote specialized to do a particular function within the larger prokaryote (mutualism), which became the first eukaryote. The endosymbiotic theory proposes that all of this happened in a series of events, though, because all eukaryotic cells have mitochondria but not all of them have chloroplasts, which makes it seem like some ancestral eukaryote engulfed what became mitochondria, then a later one also engulfed what became chloroplasts. (But some of them didn’t ever get chloroplasts.)</p>
<p>“can anyone explain the endosymbiotic theory? I know it has something to do with mitochondria and chloroplasts”</p>
<p>basically says that mitochondria and chloroplasts where once independant, but formed a mutualistic relationship with other “organelles” to form a eukaryotic cell. Several pieces of evidence support this theory, including molecular DNA similar to prokaryotes, independant replication, and two membranes.</p>
<p>chess94: what did you get on MC 1999 test?</p>
<p>I got 101 right, which I thought was good. But then on the 1994 test I got 89 right and it was already said (by one person) that the 1994 test was significantly easier than the 2008 test (which I dont have) so I’m slightly worried…</p>
<p>the 2008 test was ridiculously hard, because the questions were very specific. When I study, I try to make sure I get the overall idea and jist of what’s going on. Thats why I found the 1999 test waayyyyyy easier. It didn’t focus on only one topic and the questions were brief and quick to the point!</p>
<p>I thought the 1999 test was moderate; I got 103/119
I thought the 2008 test was wayy easier; I got 87/99 or 87/100 (can’t remember)</p>
<p>Does anyone find any (pretty much every one actually) of the curves from the ap calculator site to be too lenient? I’d be very happy if they are accurate, but it seems not…</p>
<p>chess: the calculator curves are actually right, even though they seem low.</p>
<p>Anyone have the answers to the 2002 exam?</p>
<p>Possible Essays (IMPORTANT):
1.cell structure, plasma membrane especially
2. respiration
3. photosynthesis
4. cell division, mitosis-meiosis
5. DNA replication
6. protein synthesis
7. natural selection
8. speciation
9. reproduction angiosperms
10. plant tropism/hormones
11. nerves
12. muscle contraction
13. menstrual cycle
14. succession
15. biogeochemical cycle</p>
<p>Do you know where they got the curves for the site? For example, if I look at the AP Euro curve there, it says approx 119/180 is a 5. But on the consolidated list created here, it was said 121…w/no guessing penalty now, wouldnt it be logical that the curve significantly increase?</p>