<p>Hey everyone. Let's use this thread to help us study for the AP psych exam. I'll post a question, and someone answer it and then post another question. Try to leave them open ended so there can be some explanation and elaboration in the answer! I'll start:</p>
<p>One day I'm staring at a green dot on my computer screen and the screen turns a blank white and all of a sudden I see a red dot that fades away gradually. What is happening? Explain.</p>
<p>You are experiencing an afterimage. According to the Opponent-Process Theory of colour vision, sensory receptors on the retina are arranged in pairs based on colours: yellow/blue, black/white, and red/green. When looking at a colour (green in this case), you tire the receptor for that colour. When you stop looking at it, the other receptor in that pair (in this case, red) will fire, thus causing you to see an afterimage.</p>
<p>Charlie's parents often severely punish him for getting a bad mark on his midterm. They encourage no discussion, and offer no explanation, about their punishment. Charlie frequently feels as if he is punished more often than he is rewarded. What style of parenting to Charlie's parents follow? Explain.</p>
<p>Charlie's parents are using the authoritarian parenting style. This style is characterized by the parent constantly punishing the child because of behavioral problems. No lee-way or forgiveness is given. The other styles are permissive (the parent allows the child to do whatever and forgives him constantly) and authoritative (rewards and punishes equally).</p>
<p>Everyday Friday Lisa has a French test which she dreads completely. Recently, Lisa has been reporting blindness the past three Thursday nights, with her sight reportedly returning Saturday morning. Because of her reported blindness, Lisa is excused from the tests. What type of psychological disorder is she experiencing? According to the behaviorist perspective, why does this seem to be occuring on a fixed schedule?</p>
<p>Lisa is suffering from conversion disorder. Behaviorists theorize that somatoform disorders, like conversion disorder, are created through reinforcement. Lisa does not like her weekly French tests, and so her apparent blindness lets her skip them, thus reinforcing the behavior. This is occuring on a fixed schedule because, once she is rewarded for her blindness by missing the test, she no longer has any need for it, and so it leaves.</p>
<p>Bob takes a test once a week for four weeks to see if he would make a good elementary school teacher. The first week, the test's results indicate that Bob would be, in fact, a good teacher, but for the following weeks, his results vary. First, he would make a good elementary school teacher, next, he is told to completely avoid children for the rest of his life, then, he is told that he should teach high school instead, and so on. Another interesting thing to note is that Bob extremely dislikes children of any age, and feels that he is incapable of explaining anything to anyone. What is wrong with this test?</p>
<p>The test is not reliable, meaning that the results it give vary significantly each time its taken by the same person. Predictive tests must be standardized, valid, and reliable in order to be considered "good" tests. (Is the test also not valid?)</p>
<p>Bob is painting a painting a landscape scene. Discuss three perceptional cues Bob can take advantage of in order to create space.</p>
<p>The test obviously does not set out to measure what it was supposed to, so it isn't valid, and since the results weren't consistent, it isn't reliable either. Keep in mind that a test has to be reliable before it can be valid.</p>
<p>I don't have a lot of time to answer your question at the moment, but I think he should use depth cues, and I forgot the rest :S</p>
<p>So, what's the answer?</p>
<p>So what is the answer...?</p>
<p>You're right, he should use depth cues, but there all kinds. Linear perspective, relative size (making objects closer to the viewer bigger and those further away smaller), interposition (overlapping), texture gradient (objects that are closer are more detailed while those further away are blurred). There are more, but those are all of the ones I can think of!</p>
<p>New question:</p>
<p>What is a token economy? How and why are they applied in the real world? Give one example.</p>
<p>A token economy is a place, like a school, a prison, and even a home, where good behavior is reinforced with tokens which can then be traded in for other items. They are used to, obviously, encourage good behavior. In a school, for example, children that behave well in class could be rewarded with a little star made out of paper. If a student gets enough of these stars, he or she would not be given any homework for one day.</p>
<p>You are holding your newborn baby sister. Everywhere around you is very silent, but then the phone rings. The baby is startled and flings her limbs out, and then quickly retracts them. What reflex is she experiencing?</p>
<p>bump.......</p>
<ol>
<li><pre><code> Shanna is preparing dinner when she accidentally touches a hot pot. However, she pulls her hand back before her brain registers the actual sensation of pain. What could explain this?
</code></pre>
<p>(A) Neural networks have taken control of her autonomic nervous system.
(B) Her somatic nervous system is responding.
(C) Her sympathetic nervous system has aroused her for fight or flight.
(D) She is experiencing a simple spinal reflex.
(E) Her reticular formation has taken control of her central nervous system.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>She's experiencing a spinal reflex.</p>
<p>rocker: The baby is experiencing the startle reflex. This happens whenever the baby senses a loud noise and then flails its body parts outwards.</p>
<p>Many people have phobias of snakes, spiders, and heights. Explain this using the evolutionist perspective to psychology.</p>
<p>Snakes, spiders, and heights are potentially harmful. The instinct to avoid them became adaptive, and thus passed down through the generations. So, most people have developed phobias for these three things.</p>
<p>Explain the word discrimination in the following three concepts: perception, classical conditioning, and social psychology.</p>
<p>buuummmmpppp</p>
<p>bump (10 char) - good question btw</p>
<p>bump? did everyone move on to another ap psych quizzing thread or something?</p>
<p>Well, there's currently another one that's slightly more active. I think my question might have killed this thread, so you can answer it and make up another question.</p>