All 23 CSUs handle their application process independently. There really isn’t a mechanism like ELC for the UCs that might get you referred to another campus. That’s why you have to apply broadly, especially as a transfer student.
The AAT gives you a bit of a bump but, how much varies by CSU.
Sac gives a specific .1 GPA boost, while CPP offers a ‘slight’ GPA boost. SJSU doesn’t bump GPA at all.
http://www.csus.edu/admissions/transfer/adt.html
https://www.cpp.edu/~admissions/undergraduate/transfer/before/adt.shtml
http://info.sjsu.edu/web-dbgen/narr/static/admission/transfer-req.html
in other words, an AAT offers a slight advantage but, won’t get you into CS at CP SLO with a 2.0 transfer GPA.
To your specific questions:
-Do they have a preference of schools they send you to?
-Do they more often change your major or school?
Though I know some people were offered unsolicited admission at CSU CI, I haven’t heard of any qualified applicants for CSUX being shifted to an alternate campus. For all the CSUs but CPP, you admitted on your primary major only. If you don’t qualify, you’ll be rejected. CPP looks at your alternate and does admit into alternate majors. If you are local and have an AAT , San Jose will admit you undeclared if you meet the broad GPA threshold but, come up short for your major.
http://info.sjsu.edu/web-dbgen/narr/admission/rec-7327.10791.html
-Do they send you to the closest school or least impacted in the system, other?
No, if you only apply to one campus and get rejected, that’s the end of the one.
-What if you apply to multiple schools with an AS-T? Would you just end up getting accepted to everywhere?
No, you have to apply to each campus independently.
-Any other info on this? The guarantee is so vague…
Go to your target CSUs web site. look under transfer admissions, you’ll find their specific policy.
I don’t know your GPA, target schools and major so, my advice to you, apply to several, including a couple of non-impacted campuses. Especially if your GPA is near the 2.0 threshold.
Good luck.