College Essays: The Last Sentence

One of the biggest mistakes I see in college admission writing is overstatement–especially at the end of an essay. Embrace understatement. It’s just one more way to be authentic, to increase your credibility, and to show how smart you are. But most students want to offer some wrap-up wisdom, a realization, or some profound insight towards the end of an essay. An easy way to avoid this: take a bromidic bit and spin it. For example:

Don’t do this: “Experiencing first-hand the simple kindness of the people we met in the face of their stark poverty was the turning point in my life.”

Do this: “I know we have a fashion of saying ‘such and such an event was the turning-point in my life,’ but we shouldn’t say it. We should merely grant that its place as last link in the chain makes it the most conspicuous link.” (Twain)

Don’t do this: “They say the seeds of what we will do are in all of us.”

Do this: “They say the seeds of what we will do are in all of us, but it always seemed to me that in those who make jokes in life the seeds are covered with better soil and with a higher grade of manure.” (Hemingway)

Of course, you don’t need to flip a cliché. Just using understated language is effective, too. For example, here’s how Orwell ends his epic book Down and Out in Paris and London. He’s spent weeks living at the edge of poverty, working awful jobs, living with the homeless. His book is filled with insights. And after this wild experience, here’s how he concludes:

“Still I can point to one or two things I have definitely learned by being hardup. . . . That is a beginning.”

If Orwell ends his novel on a grueling first-hand experience with poverty in such understated tones, be smart and follow his lead in your college essay.

–MCS

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Interesting advice, and useful for perhaps those who are applying to the very most selective schools. However, 99%of students don’t have the skill to write anything approaching the level of sophistication you suggest.

I work with students on their essays professionally. And by that, I mean that I help them do the best they can with the ability they have. It’s really difficult for many students to come up an ending that’s not boring and cliched.

My students have been accepted to Yale, Ohio State, UWMadison, USC, Wesleyan and Susquehanna, among others. In other words, the whole gamut. Most students are not applying to U Chicago or Stanford. And yes, I mean most students who are here on CC. Suggesting to the average applicant that they should aim for the type of ending you use in your examples is pretty ambitious.

When kids struggle to wrap up their essay, I often suggest that they finish up with something that might allow the reader to imagine the writing will lead to another line of thinking. For example, a student wrote an essay about her love of winter and concluded by noting that while she would miss winter, she looked forward to spring. Another student discussed her love of color and wrapped up by suggesting that she would save up her money to splurge on an item famous for being a certain color.

Or students can end by reflecting on an element of themselves they didn’t consider before they embarked on a particular experience. The kid who went on a salmon research expedition ends his essay by experessing surprise at learning something unexpected about himself. The girl who loves carpentry wraps up by being amused at the person she has turned out to be, but could never imagine when she was a little kid.

My thought is that it’s best for students to avoid simply rephrasing their main idea. These essays aren’t graded and they giving AO’s insight into who a student is and how they think. They don’t need to be profound, and if the student can’t come up with something really memorable, it’s probably best to keep the ending simple.

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Thank you, @Lindagaf!

The main point of my advice was to avoid overstatement and embrace understatement: In other words, don’t try to be profound, keep it simple: “Of course, you don’t need to flip a cliché. Just using understated language is effective, too.” So I agree with your last sentence.

But I disagree with your first. Avoiding overstatement–especially the urge to offer “wrap-up wisdom, a realization, or some profound insight” as I said–is useful advice for all students writing college essays; not just kids applying to selective schools. What is the basis for your claim? Kids applying to less competitive schools aren’t smart enough to edit out overstatement?

You seem to say, well if they try this technique of playing with a cliche, they risk coming off try hard. I agree that’s a concern. But just because that’s a danger doesn’t mean you shouldn’t try it out. Students: give your essay to the friend who tells you what they really think. Having taught high schoolers, I know kids are some of the best judges of authenticity–they can spot phony and forced writing. And read your writing out loud. You’ll hear it.

The examples I provided are the best writers in the world. No argument they’re ambitious. But aside from a concern about sounding try hard, why wouldn’t we point kids to this writing as an exemplar to strive for? I think it’s a mistake that students only want to read examples of student’s “essays that got them in.” Students: why would you limit yourself to what a high schooler can do? Swing big. Aim for the fences. Read the best essayists to prep your essays.

I also disagree that these essays aren’t graded. We absolutely grade them–but instead of a letter grade, they get a rating in categories like intellectual vitality and personal qualities. So it sounds like we disagree about the point of an essay as well. I’d say it’s to demonstrate these qualities you’re getting rated on. Your take (part of it, I’m sure you have other thoughts on this) is an essay should give the AO “insight into who a student is and how they think.”

That type of advice is too general to be helpful in my opinion. For a student, it begs the question, “OK but what part of me should I be trying to highlight?” And that’s the right question because not all parts of you are equally worth highlighting to the very specific audience that is a college Admission Officer.

My rough-and-ready rule (of course, simplified for posting here) is more specific: Students, when someone finishes reading your essay, their primary reaction should be: “Wow, I didn’t realize how smart you are and how much you love, care, know about about X idea.” It should not primarily be: “Wow, you sound like a great person.” Why? Because you’re applying to be a student who studies ideas with smart professors–and the most important ratings your reader gives you turns on that. Is it also good to present as a great person–someone who is grounded, humble, and authentic? Of course. But that’s secondary to your intellectual qualities.

I’ve worked with students professionally on their essays for the past ten years as well–and they’ve gone to schools from Yale to SMU as well. I’ve seen them come up with creative, smart, dazzling writing they didn’t think they had in them on their first, second, or third draft. Sure, it’s difficult–writing is difficult. But I focus kids on the critical idea that writing IS rewriting. And any student can rewrite to avoid an ending that’s boring or cliché.

In short, we have a different opinion of what students are capable of. You say: [quote=“Lindagaf, post:2, topic:2798340”]
99%of students don’t have the skill to write anything approaching the level of sophistication you suggest.
[/quote] I disagree. I think much more highly of what students are capable of. And to be clear: I’ve simply highlighted one technique–among many–to try out if you find yourself saying something cliché. But the main point of my post that applies to all of you: avoid overstatement; embrace understatement.

–MCS

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Yes, that’s part of it, but definitely not all of it. And I don’t disagree with you. I agree 100% that all students should give their best effort. And maybe I should qualify my response: 99% of students are not sophisticated writers, but everyone has the potential to be a better writer. I do think your approach is intimidating to a lot of kids. Your advice is generally geared towards to cream of the crop. Consider that most kids here on CC are not applying to HYPSM. Don’t forgot those kids.

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If a student is coached through several rewrites, how much of the essay reflects the student’s own intellectual rigor and Steinbeck-esque insight? This process sounds more like co-authorship to me.

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@Lindagaf I disagree: My advice to avoid overstatement and embrace understatement applies to all kids. As I asked you above: What is the basis for your claim to the contrary? Kids applying to less competitive schools aren’t smart enough to edit out overstatement?

If you’re going to make a sweeping statement assessing my advice–“generally geared towards [the] cream of the crop”–offer your reasoning.

I disagree with you: the advice I’ve offered on this site applies to everyone. Avoid overstatement. Strive to emulate great writing. Focus on ideas you care about and your intellectual, student-qualities. Explain why any of that is not sound advice for any college-bound student.

Edit: @lindagraf I don’t see any value in debating this on a thread about one suggestion for improving your college essays. If you’re interested in discussing you can message me. If readers find my advice helpful for their essays, great–try it out and see if it works for you.

@teleia Agree that there’s a real concern about where the line is when reviewing students’ essays. It turns on the ethics of the person working with the student.

But I’m not sure what “process” you heard described above that sounds like co-authorship. Reviewing multiple drafts? English teachers routinely review and mark-up multiple edits of a student’s writing. No one suggests they’re co-authoring the paper.

You sound more in Linda’s camp re: your view on students’ ability to write well or think deeply. In my experience, most kids just aren’t used to rewriting. When you force them to rewrite, to think for themselves and say something in a fresh way that only they could say, they produce work product that might surprise you.

But back to the substance of my post: the whole point is not to try and discover a Steinbeck-esque insight. It’s the opposite: to avoid offering a Eureka moment, a life-changing realization, or some strained insight.

–MCS

I wouldn’t call myself in someone’s camp and I see your points. You’ve talked in a past post about Malcolm Gladwell (I’m a huge fan) and how students should try to emulate his artful interweaving of different perspectives when examining something. While I do think that students should do some great writing and rewriting for their college essays, if they feel so inclined, I hesitate to impose a certain lens on their thinking, and I certainly think that there are not many Gladwells amongst us, particularly 17 year old ones. I only have experience in scientific writing and editing, and while I can mark up and revise the writing I cannot correct the science (the essence of what is communicated). I tend to look at all writing the same way. When you encourage a kid to be more insightful it is your own insight that you are proposing they use. My gut is telling me that we might be robbing our teenagers from slowly forming their own personalities and insights because at 17 we find them shallow or unpolished. I haven’t read anyone’s personal insight essay (my own kid’s included) but I delight in talking with teenagers. I can see that some uncut gems might find it hard to put into words where they stand in the world at 17 and that is where your help would be invaluable. I hope that their own personal insight and spark isn’t lost in the process.

P.S. Steinbeck doesn’t stand out in my mind for his Eureka moments. Maybe I missed them from all the crying.

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@teleia Well said. My background is teaching philosophy to high schoolers–so my coaching approach is more Socratic. I think you can midwife a kid’s insight, instead of lending them your own.

For example, I had a student who said he loved plants. I kept pushing him to explain why. Finally, he got down to an inchoate idea about an emotional connection he felt to nature. We pushed more. ‘Hey, go research that, is it a thing?’ He did. He turned up this cool idea known as biophilia. He got into it. Eventually he put together a winning, smart, thoughtful piece about plants. But he needed to be challenged. To me, that’s just a great learning experience for a kid, full stop.

I hear you on imposing a lens on students’ thinking. My POV is that kids are generally confused and frustrated by these prompts. And most don’t know how to write. Schools and counselors offer unhelpful, general advice like, “Hey, just convey your personality. Hey, just be yourself.” I think that’s lazy thinking, unhelpful advice, and just bad teaching.

So I try to lend kids more specific tools: Hey, use a specific academic idea to interpret a personal experience. Hey, try to identify how two academic disciplines you’re interested in share something in common. Hey, trace the origin of anything you care about. I get lots of those ideas from studying how Gladwell puts his stories together. And I encourage kids to check him out and try to do the same. Once you give them a tool like that, and an example that’s fun (Gladwell has so many cool stories) they often produce excellent, original work.

The Steinbeck line was great; made me chuckle.

–MCS

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