Does a college essay have to be a narrative?

Specifically for the first Common App prompt: “Some students have a background, identity, etc…” I’d like to write an essay about my experiences with immigration and my cultural identity (I know this sounds cliché, but it’s a topic meaningful to me and I think my experiences are fairly unique). The way I’ve framed it is not really as a narrative - of course, there’s some storytelling involved, but a large chunk of it is personal reflections on how my experience has shaped who I am. Doesn’t really include any dialogue or real action.

Do adcoms prefer essays that are written as a story, or a single, coherent retelling of one particular moment? Would it be a detriment that my essay isn’t like that?

The common attitude is that narrative essays are more engaging and therefore more effective. If you need more specific advice, you can PM me and I can let you know what I think in the context of your essay. Good luck

An essay like this would be amazing, even if it is mostly introspection: https://apply.jhu.edu/apply/essays-that-worked/2019/#essay7

Commonly you are looking to “show”, not “tell”. That tends to be easier with a narrative. Remember that your goal is to make them want to add you to their campus pool of students. And also that they read TONS of essays. A lively narrative is going to catch their attention.