Talk to me about Early Decision

So basically, the coach is not looking to recruit her for varsity, so don’t look for any Div I or Div II monies, if the school gives monies to recruited athletes.

I am going to say this in short… The person you spoke to is an idiot!! S/he as a financial aid officer, should have been able to give you an early read based on your financial situation, especially if you went with taxes, bank statements, etc. in hand. S/he should have also been able to explain to you how their school calculates need, if they meet 100% need, told you that merit money is given by admissions, tell you if they stack scholarships, how they handle outside scholarships … The fact that they told you to simply use the FAFSA4caster is not giving you any information.

The only thing that the FAFSA4caster is going to tell you is your eligibility for federal aid (Pell, SEOG,FWS, Subsidized and unsubsidized federal loans). If the school is a FAFSA only school there is a great chance that they are not going to meet 100% demonstrated need.

Federal Methodology is used to determine eligibility for all federal funds, such as Federal Pell Grants, Federal Academic Competitiveness Grants (ACG), Federal National Science and Mathematics Access to Retain Talent (SMART) Grants, Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants (FSEOG), Federal Stafford loans, Federal Perkins loans, and Federal Work-Study.

Schools that distribute their own institutional funds use an Institutional Methodology and their professional judgment to determine eligibility for their school’s scholarship funds.

Two distinct formulas assess information reported in the aid application process. The traditional institutional methodology (IM), developed by the College Board and refined annually by economists and aid administrators, determines the expected family share of costs. IM is the dominant standard among selective national colleges. Most schools that use an institutional methodology to disburse their own funds use either the CSS profile or their own FA form.

The federal methodology (FM) through the filing of determines eligibility for federal aid. All schools require students who are U.S. citizens or permanent residents to at minimum file the FAFSA if they are requesting FA. The only thing the FAFSA does is determine one’s ability for federal aid.

Differences between the IM and FM models include:

IM collects information on estimated academic year family income, medical expenses, elementary and secondary school tuition and unusual circumstances. FM omits these questions.

IM considers a fuller range of family asset information, while FM ignores assets of siblings, all assets of certain families with less than $50,000 of income, and both home and family farm equity.

FM defines income as the “adjusted gross income” on federal tax returns, plus various categories of untaxed income. IM includes in total income any paper depreciation, business, rental or capital losses which artificially reduce adjusted gross income.

FM does not assume a minimum student contribution to education; IM expects the student, as primary beneficiary of the education, to devote some time each year to earning money to pay for education.

FM ignores the noncustodial parent in cases of divorce or separation; IM expects parents to help pay for education, regardless of current marital status.

FM and IM apply different percentages to adjust the parental contribution when multiple siblings are simultaneously enrolled in college, and IM considers only siblings enrolled in undergraduate programs.

The IM expected family share represents a best estimate of a family’s capacity (relative to other families) to absorb, over time, the costs of education. It is not an assessment of cash on hand, a value judgment about how much a family should be able to use current income, or a measure of liquidity. The final determinations of demonstrated need and awards rest with the University and are based upon a uniform and consistent treatment of family circumstances.

Except in the most extraordinary circumstances, Colleges classifies incoming students as dependent upon parents for institutional aid purposes, even though some students may meet the federal definition of “independence.”

Students enrolling as dependent students are considered dependent throughout their undergraduate years when need for institutional scholarships is determined.

For institutional aid purposes a student may not “declare” independence due to attainment of legal age, internal family arrangements, marriage or family disagreements.

If the school meets 100% need using their own institutional funds, they are most likely going to ask for the CSS profile/non custodial profile or their own forms. As I stated previously, the CSS profile/their own institutional aid forms are going to take a much deeper look at your finances.

Your EFC from the FAFSA4caster will probably be the minimum that your family will be expected to contribute.

The information from the schools’s NPC is going to give you a better idea as to what the college is going to cost you after looking at your income and assets. SInce you have a pretty straight forward situation, intact family, no non-custodial parents, stepparents, no real estate other than your primary home , no one is self employed or owns a business, you should be pretty ok.

You should also look at the school’s common data set, section H financial aid.

As younghoss stated, ED is a honor bound system that states in exchange for an early decision, if accepted you will attend. You will withdraw all other applications and mot make any new applications. There is an expectation that you have done your due diligence as far as money is concerned; using the net price calculators, contacting the FA office for an early read, etc. As other have stated the ed application is signed by both the student and the counselor stating that they understand ed.

Like others on this thread has recommended, make sure that your D has a financial safety that she can apply to rolling admissions or some financial safeties that she can apply to non-binding early action, including a few schools where she may be a candidate for merit $$.


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I am going to say this in short.. The person you spoke to is an idiot!! S/he as a financial aid officer, should have been able to give you an early read based on your financial situation, especially if you went with taxes, bank statements, etc. in hand. S/he should have also been able to explain to you how their school calculates need, if they meet 100% need, told you that merit money is given by admissions, tell you if they stack scholarships, how they handle outside scholarships ... The fact that they told you to simply use the FAFSA4caster is not giving you any information.<<

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Well, in her defense, this was NOT a conversation I went to with taxes and bank info in hand. This was a “school me on how this all works” conversation. And one of the things she told me was that applying early decision has a favorable impact on their FA decisions.That’s why I wanted to learn more about it.

This is a Division 3 school, so no athletic money is on the table. The fact that the coach wants her at all is a HUGE plus, for sure, but that’s a whole different discussion–my daughter wants to find a school she loves where she can play, not a team she loves where the school is tolerable.

Anyway, this thread was supposed to be about ED, not financial aid. Thanks so much for all the info, you’ve all given us a lot to think about!!

An ED acceptance is not going to do you any good, if it is not a financially feasible option for your family. It is in your best interest to know how the money is going to play out (unless you are full pay and are comfortable doing so, or you are ok with whatever the school tells you that you will have to pay and are comfortable doing so, then never mind).

I think that this is absolutely not true; you are a sure thing, you committed to attend, there is no need to give you an advantage in FA and unless you have some really extenuating circumstances, there is not need to entertain a financial review.

Keep in mind, a large portion of the ED pool are at 2 extremes; families who are full pay and are ok doing so, and students whose families income/assets put them in position for some really generous FA (no loans, full tuition, family pays nothing if income is under X$).

Also a large portion of the ED pool is hooked applicants; Recruited athletes, Developmental admits, Facbrats, legacies and some highly sought after URM applicants (those not so much because they will still be highly sought after in the RD round).

Do a search on the financial aid forum at the number of families who have had an ED acceptance to find out that they can’t afford the ED school.

Basically almost everyone here has advised you to make sure your money is right before pulling the trigger on ED. If money is going to be an issue and one of the down sides to ED is that you don’t get to compare packages, then you should reconsider applying anywhere ED.

It depends on what EDer is looking for. If She wants to find the best deal from other schools then she shouldn’t do ED, but if she is happy to attend as long as it is affordable to her and the school is her first choice then why shouldn’t she apply ED. She can always turn it down if it is not financially feasible. I don’t see the down side.
Whatever the FA counselor is telling OP is going to be a lot more relevant than what people are posting on this thread.

Thanks to sybbie about repeating it is an honor-bound promise. That means more to some than others. Sadly,some in these forums completely disregard it, and are quick to say- if we don’t get a great package we can’t go, so we’ll use the money shortfall as our loophole. If a person is scheming in advance how to make a loophole work for them to get them out of their obligation, then they really aren’t making a good faith promise. As others have said a thorough diligence and realistic expectations are a significant part of the family’s honor bound obligation before they make the promise to attend. If a person has such a huge dependency about getting a great fa package, then they really aren’t promising to attend if accepted, are they? If an individual is thinking to him/herself- if we like the FA offer we’ll go- then they really aren’t making a promise to attend, right? Unaffordable is easily defined, but the definition is also easily twisted. Difficult to afford, or uncomfortable to be afforded can to some, be the same as unaffordable. But really they aren’t the same. They can be rationalizations for some that wish to wiggle out of a promise. Maybe I can afford a new Chevy purchase, but just don’t want to burden myself that much, and so I prefer a much lesser burden and choose a 2 yr old car. Though 1 direction had a greater burden it could have been done, and would have meant greater sacrifices- it was affordable.
For those with reasonable uncertainty, EA is a far far better course of action.

Sybbie’s last paragraph post 22 hit it on the nose.

I remember the phrase “I am not a crook” and the phrase “If you like your plan you can keep…”. Although both individuals reached our nation’s Presidency, neither is respected for their integrity. (2 different political party examples given to show no partiality)

My D did ED because she thought it would help her to be admitted to her “dream school” that she (based on stats), had a below average chance to be admitted to. Colleges do ED to increase their “yield” (% of accepted students who actually attend), which is one of the stats used in the whole “ratings game”. So based on this it was a situation that was good for both my D & the college. She did apply toothed schools & withdrew applications as soon as she was accepted Ed (found out the first week in December)

I haven’t read all of the posts, but even if your student is doing DD, I suggest getting one acceptable rolling admission school acceptance as early as possible, just to hedge your bets. I also suggest you not letting other school’s early action, etc. dates pass while you wait for early decision decision. It is true that you won’t have to apply to any additional schools once year get your decision. In my sons case, he applied to and was accepted to school C, and he received his merit money figures, before Christmas. So he only had to do regular decision for schools he wanted more than X school. But the early action or whatever dates for some of the schools was before then, so he had to apply to those. In our case, he only applied to four total, so not a big deal either way, but it can be, depending on strategy.

OP. Yes this was an ED thread but finances is a huge part of that decision.

The quote you included is standard ED verbiage. That is what I mean by technically you can get out of ED due to finances but IMHO, if it’s anywhere close you are obligated.

The college board site does have a place to run the CSS Profile like the FSAForecaster. But it is customized for each school since each school has there own calculations. But since it saves your data you could run several for an idea.

Another two thoughts to consider.

An EFC is just what the expect you to pay with cash on hand. It is not your eventual cost since your aid is likely to have loans ( unless it is a no loan school which is rare).

Along the same lines unless it is a “meets full need” school, then there is no guarantee that the difference will be fully met, even with loans. You’d have to come up with the money elsewhere.

Thanks again to everyone for their thoughts. My next step is an in-depth conversation with the FA department at the school. The last conversation was before we knew a) what the coach thought, and b) what my daughter thought. So now that these two pieces are in place it’s time for a whole new conversation.

Ever since we first started thinking about college I’ve always thought my kid’s very best bet for a private school would be this one with the legacy connection because costs are so outrageous. No other private school she’d want would be as interested in her as this one. She does have the academic chops, happily, but it’s still a selective place so every little bit of advantage helps. Now that DD1 has fallen in love with it we have to really figure out if we can make it work.

Great advice to apply EA to other places at the same time. We will absolutely be doing that. Thanks!!

sorry if this is redundant, but there seems to continue to be something missing here.


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However, the counselor told me that their job (the Financial Aid Office's job) is to meet the difference between the EFC and the cost of attendance. It's our job to meet the EFC.>>

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You DEFINITELY do not want to use the FAFSA EFC. USE the school’s NPC-calculated EFC.
They ARE different.
The problem is that the school may meet that “difference” you mention with a combination of things - grants/scholarships, loans, and work study. Grants/schol are great…free money. (after the grants/schols are deducted, that’s your NetPrice.) Then they fill in the gap to (their version of) your EFC with Loans and work-study. Schools vary in how much they add in loans (I’ve seen a range from 0-$8000). Workstudy might not be practical for your child if they are an athlete. So while the EFC might seem “affordable”, workstudy you won’t actually use and large loans don’t necessarily make it smart.


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You DEFINITELY do not want to use the FAFSA EFC. USE the school's NPC-calculated EFC. They ARE different.<<

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The school’s NPC gives two numbers, the Net Price, and the Estimated Cost Remaining After Financial Aid.

Is the number I should be relying on is the Estimated Net Cost After Financial Aid? That number doesn’t take individualized merit aid into account, though–and things like the automatic legacy scholarship that I know she’ll get. So how reliable can that number be? Is it useful as a high-end estimate?

The net price looks at how much you are paying after financial aid.

The net cost is usually the EFC + any GAP (unmet need) in the financial aid + loans

ex lets look at College A

Cost of Attendance is $40,000 -
the financial aid package is (Gift Aid $10,000 + Loans $20,000)

the Net Cost is $10,000

However the net price is $30,000 (the loans have to be repaid.

Isn’t it better to use the larger number and come in under budget (and have a cushion for emergencies), than use the lower number and find out that you have not planned enough $$?

Also keep in mind that YMMV when it comes to indirect cost; transportation, health insurance premiums, books, sundry items

Of course! I’m just trying to get an idea of how these estimators relate to reality.

Is it a school that meets 100% demonstrated need?

An extra legacy grant may be different (and I would ask the school), but USUALLY if the MERIT you get is equal to or less than any need-based grant/gift aid mentioned in the NPC results, it will not make any difference to the bottom line.

So, for example, if the NPC indicates $20K in need-based grant aid, and the highest merit scholarship your child is likely to get is $20K, you still have the same net price and EFC. (don’t get me wrong, merit is GOOD, because it generally won’t change over the years, whereas if your financial situation gets better, the need-based grant can go down.) Merit reduces your need; it is not stacked on top. If a higher Merit award is likely, than that will lower your NP.

We base our comparisons of schools FA on the Net Price. We want to avoid high loans (or any loans) and workstudy is great, but you may or may not actually reach that $$ amount through on campus work. The school with the lowest EFC is NOT necessarily the best deal…look at what they are “suggesting” as loan amounts. It varies a lot.

Please take this "commitment " with a grain of salt. Remember…it is the college that determines your family contribution…and if they use the Profile, it is that data that will be used for institutional need based aid consideration.

There are TONS of students who do not attend colleges that meet full need because what the college determines they can pay is much higher than what the family can afford to pay.

@sybbie719 I’m not really sure how to find that out, but probably the answer is no. The school’s website talks about making the education affordable, giving away more than $40m in scholarships and need-based grants each year, and prioritizing those with “demonstrated interest.”

^Yup, if they don’t say they are full need, then the answer is probably no. This would be a selling point on the FA page if it were. Here is a list of the schools that meet full need:

http://www.usnews.com/education/best-colleges/paying-for-college/articles/2014/09/15/colleges-and-universities-that-claim-to-meet-full-financial-need

I’m looking at your first post. You say she has a good chance of being accepted regardless. You wondered about financial aid. I don’t think you will get more financial aid by applying to a school ED (except for,places like Carnegie Mellon where full need is met for ED but not for RD). So if all you are looking for is more aid…have your kid apply regular decision.

If she applies to a number of schools regular decision, she will have a number of net costs to compare at the end of this process. That will not be the case with a ED application…you will get that ONE package. It could be the best…it could,be the worst…you will never know because if accepted, all other applications must be pulled.

I like the way thumper words things in post 35, particularly her last paragraph. It is perhaps a more polite way of saying what I have been trying to get across. Unless a family “can afford to pay” then perhaps it is best not to promise to attend if accepted.