<p>Actually, this discussion of language for college-application essays has made me think most of Wordsworth’s preface to the 1800 edition of his Lyrical Ballads. (See, I told you all I used to be an English teacher!) </p>
<p>Knowing that the first edition of Lyrical Ballads had been controversial, and had been criticized by some for using language that wasn’t lofty enough, Wordsworth said that his goal in the Lyrical Ballads had been “to choose incidents and situations from common life, and to relate or describe them, throughout, as far as was possible in a selection of language really used by men, and, at the same time, to throw over them a certain colouring of imagination, whereby ordinary things should be presented to the mind in an unusual aspect; and, further, and above all, to make these incidents and situations interesting by tracing in them, truly though not ostentatiously, the primary laws of our nature” (empahasis added). Four really fine objectives for a college essay:</p>
<ol>
<li>to select an incident from ordinary life;</li>
<li>to express it in straightforward language;</li>
<li>to express it, nevertheless, in a way that is imaginative, novel or distinctively yours;</li>
<li>to make the telling interesting by tying the story to some basic truth about yourself, humanity or the universe.</li>
</ol>
<p>This doesn’t mean the language should be vulgar. Wordsworth was sensitive to the charge that the language of his poetry had been too coarse, and he advocated that when poets use “a selection of language really used by men,” it should be “adopted (purified indeed from what appear to be its real defects, from all lasting and rational causes of dislike or disgust).”</p>
<p>I don’t mean to suggest, and I don’t think that Wordsworth meant to suggest, that a writer should never use a long or uncommon word. They can adorn your writing, but they shouldn’t be the construction material of your writing. Later in the Preface, Wordsworth says (I’ll paraphrase him this time) that the language of the best good poetry differs only occasionally from the language of good prose, and that, effectively, no good poem can be all poetry. Such a poem would be (and this is not Wordsworth’s analogy) like eating a whole bowl of frosting.</p>
<p>To put it another way: if fifty years ago Martin Luther King, Jr., had stood on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial and delivered his “I am presently possessed of a reverie” speech, would we have marked its anniversary last week?</p>