<p>The study, which challenges much of the conservative thinking about affirmative action, is to be released Wednesday by Princeton University Press in a book titled "The Shape of the River: Long-Term Consequences of Considering Race in College and University Admissions." It was written by two former Ivy League presidents, William Bowen of Princeton University, an economist, and Derek Bok of Harvard University, a political scientist. </p>
<p>Examining grades, test scores, choice of major, graduation rates, careers and attitudes of 45,000 students at 28 of the most selective schools, the authors say that although they are both advocates of race-conscious admissions policies, they wanted to test the assumptions underlying such policies. </p>
<p>The 28 institutions involved in the study were Barnard College, Bryn Mawr College, Columbia University, Denison University, Duke University, Emory University, Hamilton University, Kenyon College, Miami University (Ohio), Northwestern University, Oberlin College, Pennsylvania State University, Princeton University, Rice University, Smith College, Stanford University, Swarthmore College, Tufts University, Tulane University, the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, the University of Pennsylvania, Vanderbilt University, Washington University, Wellesley College, Wesleyan University, Williams College and Yale University. </p>
<p>Bowen and Bok say in their book that a "race-neutral" admissions policy would be disastrous for American society, reducing black percentages at top schools to less than 2 percent from the current 7 percent. </p>
<p>The authors call black graduates of elite institutions "the backbone of the emergent black middle class" and say that their influence extends well beyond the workplace. "They can serve as strong threads in a fabric that binds their own community together and binds those communities into the larger social fabric as well." </p>
<p>Black graduates of the colleges were more likely than white graduates to go on to become leaders of community, social-service, and professional organizations. </p>
<p>From what I have seen on Dartmouth's campus, it is the Alpha Phi alpha fraternity (a black frat) who hold book drives and fund raisers annually to ensure that students who don't have/cannot afford books get those books regardless of race. Balcks frats/sororities tend are more service/community oriented vs. partying.</p>
<p>It is the black students along with the middle class white students (not talking about the save face philanthrophy that comes with being part of a frat/sorority) that hosting prospective students on campus, acting as bigsibs and mentors to the others in the surrounding community.</p>
<p>I stand as a URM graduate student in a program where the majority of students , I am just mindboggled at the number of culturally encapsulated students who are looking to counsel others, especially when I hear things like the conversation of one woman in my program telling her friend in the elevator that a cleint came into her office wearing a burka and she freaked out and students saying that they never had a one on one conversation with a person of another race that wasn't related to the classroom.</p>