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To say that South Korea has a 3.3% unemployment rate and that, thus, the competition could not be that intense there is (most likely) wrong. I'm no expert, but I'll say that, through my experiences from visiting China, I've found the job opportunities there to be alarming. There are many top students who complete 4 years of undergrad only to find that there are no jobs available. So, then they decide to pursue grad school and come out with Ph.D.'s only to discover, once again, that they cannot find their first job. For the most part, people can survive though. That's why a lot of highly educated individuals take up jobs that, in the U.S., would not be considered feasible for an individual with a graduate degree. There are low unemployment rates only because people are forced to take lower paying jobs. That's why there is so much focus on education; without it, the competition will force you out of the game even before you start.
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<p>I never said anything about the competition for top jobs not being intense.</p>
<p>I am simply stating that the average S Korean and Japanese person who didn't go to a top university is still able to get some type of job. Will it be the most desirable of jobs? No, probably not. But you will still be able to get SOME type of job. And that type of job is probably going to pay relatively decently. After all, the average per-capita income in both S Korea and Japan is relatively high, and both countries have less inequality (read: lower Gini coefficients) than does the US. </p>
<p>Hence, the notion that "there are no jobs available" or that people "cannot find their first job" is simply untrue. There are indeed plenty of jobs available. As I pointed out, the unemployment rates in both S Korea and Japan are actually lower than that in the US. I think what you mean to say is that there are none of the BEST jobs available. Regular Koreans and Japanese can easily get SOME job, they just can't get the BEST jobs. But that's true in any country. In every country, there are more people who want the best jobs than there are available positions. After all, that's what it means for a job to be one of the best jobs. If nobody wanted them, then they wouldn't really be good jobs.</p>
<p>Look, in the US too, not everybody gets to have one of the best jobs. Not everybody is going to get an offer from Goldman Sachs, McKinsey, Google, Facebook, or companies like that. In fact, only a tiny percentage of Americans who want offers from these companies will actually get them. But that hardly means that "there are no jobs available" in the US, or even no available white-collar jobs in the US. Most white-collar jobs in S Korea and Japan are, like it is in the US, for average companies with average levels of responsibility that pay average salaries. Only a tiny percentage of the total jobs in S Korea and Japan are within the famous world-beating companies like Samsung or Toyota. The vast majority of Korean and Japanese companies are just average companies that nobody has ever heard of. Just like the vast majority of American companies are just average companies that nobody has ever heard of.</p>