<p>Click on that link and scroll down to see the link for the 1984 answers:
<a href=“http://talk.collegeconfidential.com/ap-tests-preparation/708260-1984-ap-us-history-exam-answers.html[/url]”>http://talk.collegeconfidential.com/ap-tests-preparation/708260-1984-ap-us-history-exam-answers.html</a></p>
<p>I tried searching for 1988… can’t find it.</p>
<p>thanks a lot</p>
<p>Here you go. (1988)
1 A 80% 34 A 44% 67 C 49%
2 C 81% 35 C 77% 68 B 45%
3 B 86% 36 D 56% 69 E 59%
4 A 79% 37 A 51% 70 D 56%
5 D 69% 38 B 67% 71 A 52%
6 E 91% 39 E 74% 72 B 45%
7 C 84% 40 B 67% 73 E 56%
8 A 93% 41 E 81% 74 A 37%
9 C 82% 42 C 71% 75 C 31%
10 B 95% 43 A 77% 76 E 53%
11 E 86% 44 D 66% 77 B 33%
12 E 91% 45 A 64% 78 D 33%
13 D 83% 46 B 70% 79 A 37%
14 B 63% 47 C 53% 80’ E 54%
15 D 86% 48 D 57% 81 A 57%
16 D 91% 49 A 57% 82 D 44%
17 C 83% 50 B 64% 83 C 45%
18 A 81% 51 E 69% 84 B 37%
19 C 64% 52 B 36% 85 D 38%
20 D 75% 53 D 54% 86 C 37%
21 A 92% 54 B 70% 87 C 48%
22 E 73% 55 C 46% 88 A 27%
23 B 87% 56 A 32% 89 C 34%
24 A 90% 57 A 59% 90 E 46%
25 B 67% 58 E 48% 91 B 25%
26 D 69% 59 C 64% 92 D 44%
27 E 52% 60 D 46% 93 E 27%
28 A 72% 61 D 42% 94 C 15%
29 A 65% 62 C 61% 95 A 27%
30 E 70% 63 A 24% 96 D 42%
31 C 67% 64 B 75% 97 D 20%
32 E 62% 65 D 40% 98 E 24%
33 B 53% 66 E 71% 99 B 58%
100 D 31%</p>
<p>Please tell me immediately if it’s not legal to post these answers.</p>
<p><strong><em>the federalist era</em></strong></p>
<p>cabinet- body of advisors to head of state
excise tax- added to price of goods
loose constructionist- broad interpretation of constitution
protective tariff- imports
strict constructionist- constitution must be interpreted word by word
tariff- tax on imports, advocated by hamilton to pay for internal improvements and protect industry</p>
<p>intro
george washington first president, unanimously elected
john adams vice president</p>
<p>washington’s administration 1789-1797
federalists supported strong central government
country was sectional, hamilton engineered teh country toward greater unity
washington defined the persident’s role, confronted with need to establish a judiciary and a viable economic system, organize a system of defence, respond to french revolution</p>
<p>domestic accomplishments
cabinet- became part of the unwritten constitution
thomas jefferson-secretary of state
hamilton- secretary of treasury
knox- sevretary of war
randolph- attorney general</p>
<p>1789 judiciary act passed organized the federal court system</p>
<p>hamilton’s financial program- establish credit of united states, united states was to pay off foreign and domestic debt through and exchange of old bonds for new ones, assume states’ debt, gave bondholders a stake, money was to be raised through excise taxes and tariff on imports to develop trade and commerce</p>
<p>bank of united states established, owned by private investors</p>
<p>thomas jefferson reacted negatively, advocate of states’ rights, bank favored the north and not the south
jefferson was a strict constitutionist, hamilton compromised with jefferson to establish the nation’s capital on the potomac river
mcculloch v maryland upheld constituionality of the bank
whiskey rebellion occured when pennsylvania farmers refused to pay the tax, washington sent out troops to crush the rebellion, the government demonstrated its power to enforce the law</p>
<p>political parties, antifeds vs democratic-republicans</p>
<p>foreign affairs
french revolution 1789 divided the people of the united states
democratic republicans were sympathetic to teh french, federalists supported great britain
washington issued the proclamation of neutrality in 1793 which declared that the us favored neither england nor france</p>
<p>citizen genet trie dto recuit americans into teh french army for invading spanish florida and louisiana
british ignored us neutrality, impressment of us servicemen
incited indians in the northwest</p>
<p>john jay sent to negotiate a treaty, british promised to withdraw its forces from us soil and pay damages for the seizure of american ships
us promised to pay debts owed to british merchants, treaty was unpopular in teh united states, no agreement on impressment and freedom of the seas</p>
<p>spanish feared that british and americans were planning an alliance, they negotiated pickney’s treaty, where spain gave up land east of mississippi, and north of florida with the thirty first parallel as the northern boundary of florida, mississippi river was also opened up to american traders</p>
<p>problem with indians in the ohio valley, conflict between us and miami confederacy, in the battle of fallen timbers, the indians were crushed, treaty of greenville, miami cnfederacy gaev up their claims to the ohio country</p>
<p>washington retired, john adams elected</p>
<p>john adams admin
john adams was elected, jefferson vp, awkward because adams was a federalist and jefferson a democratic republican</p>
<p>continuing english and french problems
adams sent delegation to french minister talleyrand, french demanded 250000 dollars, this XYZ affiar infuriated the peopel fo the united states, us marine corps was established</p>
<p>jeffersonian republicans opposed the idea of war with france
adamstried to negotiate with france, successful in the signing of the convention of 1900, franco american alliance was dissolved, us agree to pay for damages to us shipping, considered a sellout by federalists
cost adams teh presidency in the election of 1800, saved teh country for a destructive war</p>
<p>domestic affairs
to weaken the democratic republicans and their vocal opposition to adams and teh federalists, congress passed the alien and sedition acts
naturalization act required that a person must be in the us for 14 years before becoming a citizen, since most immigrants were democratic republicans, this act reduced their ranks
alein act-have president eh power to deport foreigners
sedition act-no language to stir doscontent</p>
<p>response of democratic republicans came in teh form of teh virginia and kentucky resolutions, writen by madison and jefferson, stated taht the constitution was a compact between teh states and teh central government
kentucky resolution stated taht the stae was able to declare a law null and void and therefore, unenforcable, nullification doctrine</p>
<p>summary
political lines had been drawn
the alien and sedition acts and the virginia and kentucky resolutions had demonstrated the difference in the philosophy and thinking between federalists and democratic republicans, doctrine of nullification became the cornerstone of the civil war</p>
<p>efforts of washington and adams to keep the united states out of war with france and england bought valuable time for the country to grow and develop a better defensive position</p>
<p>I’m screwed. My class covered only up to 1900. Self-studying effectively hasn’t been going too well. AHHHHH! </p>
<p>[/endrant]</p>
<p>I took a practice test the other day that had a question about the “graying” of Americans in 1970’s or 80’s. I can’t remember the question exactly but can anyone explain this?</p>
<p>Graying means the population’s getting old, so now you might figure out it’s about the the potential problems of the social security system because of the baby boom.</p>
<p>I always get this confused :
In order for the southern states to enter back into the union the had to accept the 14th ammendment?</p>
<p>
</p>
<p>I had this same question yesterday. The answer was about Social Security shortages. “Graying” referred to the aging of people and not enough money to go around.</p>
<p>@pigs<em>at</em>sea: Thank you!</p>
<p>@elaslawek </p>
<p>Lincoln’s policies are straightforward and had little changes in the political structure of the South:
<br>
<br>
<p>Johnson’s reconstruction policies mirrored Lincoln’s but gradually became more radical:
<p>Congress Reconstruction=
<p>They had to accept all of this in stages, with congress reconstruction being the most radical.</p>
<p>republicans in power**** 1800-1824</p>
<p>impressment- policy used by the british before the war of 1812 wherein the british stopped us vessels and removed sailors from them to be used on british naval vessels, also used to a limited extent by teh french during this same period
interstate commerce- trade between states, power to regulate interstate commerce is delegated to the congress
intrastate commerce- trade within a state, staes have power to regulate
judicial review- supreme court has power to review laws passed by congress to determine whether they are consistent with the constitution
supreme court can nullify laws or presidential actions</p>
<p>intro
thomas jefferson elected, federalist burr vice president
revolution of 1800, election of jefferson marked a peaceful transition of government from the federalist party to the republican party, in the end, jefferson acted more like a federalist</p>
<p>domistic affairs
“wise and frugal government” states’ rights
james madison as secretary of state, gallatin as secretary of the treasury
replaced many federalist office holders with republicans, allowed alien and sedition acts to expire, retired public debt, reduced army, improved state militias</p>
<p>ignored john adams’ midnight appointments to the federal courts
marbury v madison 1803- john adams trie dto fill the federal courts with federalist judges, james madison refused to diliver the appointments, william marbury sued madison, marshall expanded the power of the court</p>
<p>bank of united staets remained undisturbed, jefferson supported teh four pillars of prosperity-manufacturing, commerce, navigation, agriculture</p>
<p>louisiana purchase 1803 from france, used elastic clause, lewis and clark expedition, us doubled in size</p>
<p>foreign affairs
nonintervention, barbary pirates, continual harrassment of america ships by england and france, chesapeake was attacked, embargo act of 1807 us ships not permitted to elave u sharbors, interfered with trade and commerce</p>
<p>war of 1812
james madison won presidency, us moved closer to war, napoleon tricked madison into beleive that france would end its harassmetn of america at sea when he agreed to macon’s bill no. 2, acording to macon’s bill the us was to resume trade with teh first nation, either england or france, that pledged to end its harassment of us shipping</p>
<p>reasons for declaration of war against britain
war hawks saw war with england as a way to conquer canada
unhappy with indians, indians were defeated at teh battle of tippecanoe by harrison, tecumseh attempted to form a confederation of tribes to fight the advances of the whites
anti britsh feeling increased with impressment</p>
<p>us unprepared for the war
british gained control of ohio valley and burnt washington dc
star stangled banner was writetn after teh american victory at fort mchenry
new england opposed teh war, ironically, feared the dimishment of their power in congress as new western states were admitted to teh union
hartford convention- 1814 new england staes met to propose amendemetnts to the constitution, war was already over by this time, resulted in a hostile reaction from the rest of the country and the death of the federalist party</p>
<p>1814 treaty of ghent- status quo
“mr madison’s war”
opened the way for a new relationship between england and the united states, rush bagot treaty was signed, fortification of great lakes
northern boundary of louisiana set, us and england agreed to jointly occupy the oregon territory for 10 years
embargo led to development of us industries, country looked within itself for goods and services
adams onis treaty-purchase of florida 1819
“second war of independence” new spirit of nationalism</p>
<p>era of good feelings
american system
monroe, a republican, became president, us grew from within, henry clay’s american system, protective tariffs
tariff of 1816, tariff of 1828 high
national road from maryland to illinois
erie canal built 1825, second bank of the united states chartered, paper money issued</p>
<p>john marshall and supreme court
marbury v madison
fletcher v pech- state law unconstitutional
dartmouth college v woodward- states cannot interfere with contracts
mccullock v maryland- states couldn’t tax a federal thing
gibbons v ogden- federal government power to regulate interstate commerce</p>
<p>monroe doctrine
fear that spain and portugal would try to regian colonies
states that;
americas were closed to colonization
us would not interfere with already existing colonies in the americas
us would not interfere in european affairs
actions taken by europeans to colonize the western hemisphere would be considered dangerous by the united states
monroe doctrine disturbed european nations, none took action against this policy</p>
<p>missouri compromise
issue of slavery became a national issue when missouri applied for admission into the union as a slave state, would have affected the balance of power in the senate
main free and missour slave state, slavery forbidden north of 36 30 parallel, preserved the union</p>
<p>summary
republicans who led the united staets from 1800 to 1824 guided the country though further growth and development, developmetn of antionalism, country turned inward for a few decades as it completed its manifest destiny to expand westward and occupy the lands from teh atlantic to the pacific</p>
<p>jacksonian democracy *** 1824-1836</p>
<p>compact theory- constitution was created by the states and so the states could dissolve it, confederate states supported this
internal improvements- building of canals, railroads, turnpikes, part of american plan
spoils system- victorious candidates distributing governmetn jobs to freidns and supporters
specie circular- silver and gold, hard money</p>
<p>introduction
andrew jackson defended the common man
three major issues included the the national bank, native american rights, consitutional nature of federal power</p>
<p>1824 election
john quincy adams assumed he would be the leading candidate for teh republican nomination,
andrew jackon “old hickory” from tennessee
won a plurality of both popular vote and electoral vote, thrown into house of reps, adams came in second to jackson
clay supported adams, adams won by one vote, corrupt bargain
adams agreed with clay’s american plan, which would provide internal improvements '</p>
<p>1828 election
jackson won, spoils system born</p>
<p>indian removal
indian removal act of 1830 deportation of indians into oklahoma, 17000 cherokee worcester v georgia- marshall ruled that cherokees were an independent nation, jackson challenged marshall to enforce his ruling
georgia removed the cherokee in 1838 with the federal troops, trial of tears</p>
<p>bank war
state versus federal power
jackson attacked second bank of us, bank kept currency stable and issued loans to entrepreneurs, back charter renewal passed with democratic support but jackson vetoed the bank bill, claiming it was an economic monopoly
bank war escalated</p>
<p>king andrew
those in opositition to jacksonian democrats called themselves national republicans, soon after, they called themselves whigs</p>
<p>panic of 1837
upon his return to office, jackson began to take the federal deposits out of the bank, placing them in state banks
interest rates soared, worthless paper notes were everywhere
jackson issued a specie circular, which requried taht all western lands be paid fo with precious metal, but hard currency could not cover teh overheated market in the west
lack of sound money produced panic of 1837 </p>
<p>nullification and slavery
south carolina
calhoun wrote south carolina exposition and protest against tariff of 1828, called it the tariff of abominations
calhoun a former supporter of the american plan, turned sectionalist</p>
<p>webster hayne debate
mass senator webster forced hayne to debate over slavery and nullification
hayne argued for compact theory, webster proved that controversy over the tariff and nullification was a stand in for a debate over slavery and secession
webster denounced slavery</p>
<p>nullification crisis
sc nullified tariff of 1832, jackson dounced this act as secession and treason, in his force bill, jackson threatened to send troops and arranged to collect that tariff in the sea
clay sponsored a substitute tariff which provided for gradual reduction in the rates, sc accepted this compromise of 1833</p>
<p>summary
clay, a whig slaveholder, arranged the compromise of 1833, while webster, also a whig, fought relentlessly against nullification
calhoun, for the democrats, threatened nullification to defend the interests of the peculiar institution, jackson defended federal power against nullification but arranged teh dispossession of the indians and destroyed the bank-both against the ruling of the supreme court</p>
<p>thanks everyone for the great notes! can someone give me a quick recap of the history of the whigs, they were so scattered around various years it seems.</p>
<p>oh and are you all doing these intense recaps totally from memory? because that is intimidating. haha. good luck everyone!</p>
<p>edit: another question…anyone have a list of the commonly asked books?
obviously they ALWAYS ask about The Jungle by Upton Sinclair
How the Other Half Lives
Looking Backward
The Gospel of Wealth
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Silent Spring
On the Road
Harlen Renaissance books in general (Their Eyes Were Watching God)
Homage to Catalonia
Ida Tarbell’s Oil books, other muckraker stuff…
(not a book but…) the Federalist Papers
the only poet who could really show up is Walt Whitman</p>
<p>Who were the major feds/anti-feds and what were their beliefs and actions?</p>
<p>sorry the 20 minutes was up for editing…here is the edited book list
edit: another question…anyone have a list of the commonly asked books?
looking through notes, here is a jumbled handful
obviously they ALWAYS ask about The Jungle by Upton Sinclair, ALWAYS (meatpacking reform; sanitation)
How the Other Half Lives by Jacob Riis (slum housing)
Looking Backward by George Bellamy (socialist (dis?)-utopian)
The Gospel of Wealth by Carnegie (big business and its social/spiritual impacts-note the author though)
Uncle Tom’s Cabin (huge anti-slave novel leading up to the war)
A Century of Dishonor by Helen Hunt Jackson (the plight of american indians up to 1850)
Out of Work by **** Keller (cant read it sorry haha, dunno what it’s about- muckraker progressive era though)
The Octopus by Frank Norris (conflict between food production, esp. wheat and the railroads)
The Bitter Cry of Children by John Spargo (child labor)
The Shame of the Cities by Lincoln Steffens (“urban blight”)
Silent Spring (started the enviromental movement)
On the Road (beatnik culture)
A Farewell to Arms by Hemingway (potentially used to personify the “lost generation”)
Harlen Renaissance books in general (Their Eyes Were Watching God by Zora Neal Hurston about race- amazing book btw)
Homage to Catalonia by Orwell (all about WW1)
Ida Tarbell’s Oil books, other muckraker stuff…The Great American Fraud…just all muckraker stuff really.
(not a book but…) the Federalist Papers (Hamilton, Madison, Jay, pro-ratification/ propaganda, one could argue…)
the only poet who could really show up is Walt Whitman in connection with deism and nationalism in the arts.</p>
<p>any others?</p>
<p>great list, and Looking backward was by Edward Bellamy, not George–maybe you were listening to his music. :P</p>
<p>growth slavery and reform 1800-1850</p>
<p>abolitionism- movement to end slavery, immediate abolitionism advocated ending slvaery everywhere and refused to cooperate with the political process
gradual abolitionism advocated freeing slaves at teh age of 21 who were born after a certain date
artisan- skilled worker who learned his trade from a master as an apprentice
assmbly line- method of mass production whereby the products are moved from worker to worker
colonization- position advocating sending free blacks to liberia in africa
cotton gin- allowed cotton cultivation to spread, enabling slavery to move
culture of the wuarters- traditions of the field hands who lived in the slave quarters
interchangeable parts- eli whitney, mass production
planter- man who owned 20 plus slaves
short staple cotton- grew in the black belt of the south, an area with dark soil, not profitable until the cotton gin</p>
<p>intro
upheavals in modes of transportation, industry, agriculture</p>
<p>growth
the south
cotton gin separated seeds from cotton fiber, slave south grew from six to 15 states by 1860, by 1840, the us was producing 60 percent of the world’s cotton</p>
<p>north
more growth
population of NYC grew alot, more jobs and opportunities in the north, immigrants flocked to teh north and west</p>
<p>transportation revolution
roads, steamboats, canals, transportation revolution, national road, fulton’s steamboat, erie canal connected nyc
jobs grew, market revolution was the explosion of jobs and consumer goods, requiring farmers to specialize in grain or dairy, forcing artisans to compete with assembly line producting, making products cheapter
lowell system in massachusetts</p>
<p>inventions
mccormick’s mechanical reaper, and john deere’s steel plow set the stage for agricultural expansion
seving machine garment industry, railroad came, telegraph, assembly lines, interchangeable parts</p>
<p>slavery
slaveholders
cotton production moved west, slaves were sold to the lower south, breaking up families, black belt contributed to cotton production</p>
<p>slaves
more than half worked in cotton (4 million)
field hands developed their own culture, slave sabotage was widespread, running away occured with frequency</p>
<p>reform
second great awakening
finney’s movement, western new york came to be called the burned over district in the 1820s, finney led long tent meetings converting people</p>
<p>social reforms
“benevolent empire” horace mann campaigned for public schools, 1843 dix improve treatment of mentally ill, temperance movement, seneca falls convention in new york</p>
<p>antislavery strategies
garrison founded american anti slavery society in 1833
black newspaper editor david walker wrote an appeal to the coloured citizens of the work, both opposed colonization strategy
nat turner’s slave rebellion</p>
<p>literature
emerson, transcendentalist movement, thoreau, whitman, melville, hawthorne, american renaissance</p>
<p>summaru
age of the common man, extraordinary level of political activity by ordinary men and women, increasing harshness of slavery, removal of indians, market economy growth
eerie canal connected northeast to west</p>
<p>not sure about the books but the authors:
betty freidand – women were sick of being silent and putting up with being a housewife</p>
<p>alexis de tocqueville-- wrote about how the US impressed him</p>
<p>@ jkaufman:
feds were loose constitution readers. They believed in implied powers. Also the feds wanted strong central government with a industrial usa.</p>
<p>Antifeds were strict constitution readers. They wanted a weak central government with a agrarian usa.</p>
<p>@neek
I thought you got them all… I’ll post if I think of more but your list is looking pretty good.</p>
<p>@lolaroxx
betty friedman reminded THE USA about how we have been discriminating against women. This sparked the SECOND women’s right movement. It wasn’t common knowledge to the guys that they were supressing women.</p>
<p>Alexis de tocqueville said how america always wants to move, move, move… they never want to settle down. I think that’s what he said but not sure =/
Note: I should be done with the big ass gilded age review in 20 mins or so T_T finally :]</p>