<p>I don't think there is a "ranking" of these things at all, personally.</p>
<p>Grades (plus rigor of courses) and test scores tell admissions whether a student can handle the work at a school. Beyond a certain threshold (each school has their own), only adds a small portion to an applicant's overall score. </p>
<p>I know that when I went to Berkeley, I heard stories from the engineering school about how many 4.0 students were turned down and how many perfect SATs (1600 in my day as they didn't have the writing test) were turned down, while several friends in the school had GPAs between 3.5 and 3.8 and test scores from 1350 to 1450 and were admitted. Clearly perfection wasn't required in academics.</p>
<p>Teacher recs serve to validate the grades and test scores, but more importantly give a feel for how the student fits into the classroom - is s/he a leader, a poser, or invisible. Is s/he high maintenance or a contributor? Need a certain level of comfort that the student will add to the flavor of the classroom without being a disruption. This is more of a pass/fail test most of the time.</p>
<p>Essay is all about a student's motivation - what makes him/her tick and where the passion is. Yes, there is a bit of intellectual measurement here for the truly high level institutions (how well can s/he communicate an idea), but more importantly it shows how self-aware the student is of where he/she is, where the student wants to go, and how s/he is going to get there. Lots of bonus points available here for the student who needs a boost from lack of academic achievement. Lots of opportunity for the pretentious to lose points.</p>
<p>Extra Curriculars and Awards - Very similar to the essay. It shows the passion of the student and committment to achieve over time. This is where a lot of students fool themselves thinking more is better. A school doesn't care if you were a member or officer in 12 different school clubs. What did you achieve from those clubs? Did the chess club go to a big tournament. Did your ranking improve? </p>
<p>Quality and committment are what count in extra curriculars. You do need a certain number of items to show that you are not a total recluse (a big turnoff to schools). That is a minimum requirement. But being a member of 6 clubs at school is no better than being a member of 2 clubs, if membership is all that you achieve.</p>
<p>A multi-year, 6 hour or more per week activity is probably a requirement to get into any of the top schools, whether it be a sport, music, church, or volunteer activity. Some sort of achievement or recognition related to that activity is a good validation of that activity. It shows a passion for something and confirms that a student is driven to achieve over time.</p>
<p>A bunch of 2 or 3 hour a week activities generally is regarded as having a schedule well managed by the parents. They are busy and well rounded, but no passion points are awarded for being highly-motivated.</p>
<p>The Interview - Mostly a tool to validate the passion and drive as exhibited in the extracurriculars and essay. Lots of trap doors to fall through. Also a tool to see where the school lands on an applicant's list. For a candidate who looks generic enough to go to a lot of different schools, this is the opportunity to show committment to that particular school. I'd say this is mostly a pass/fail test.</p>
<p>Money - Yes, I brought up that dirty word! And yes, not needing FA does help, despite the "need blind" claims of some schools. If you meet a certain threshold (some places higher than others) passing all the pass/fail tests, and you are full paying (and even better legacy who have donated money), you are in. All schools need full-pay students. Some need more than others, hence different thresholds at different schools. </p>
<p>The good news is that this is a relatively small percentage of overall applicants who get in this way at most of the competitive schools, because they are usually well endowed and are willing to spend the money for better candidates.</p>
<p>I don't think they look at ranking in these areas. I think they look at minimum scores in each area, then at the number of bonus points beyond the minimum collected from all of the areas to determine admission.</p>