<p>I'll try to answer these queries to the best of my ability, using my program as an example. Please keep in mind that I cannot speak to the procedures of other programs with any accuracy, though I imagine we all proceed similarly.</p>
<p>We have X amount of funded lines each year. The committee meets, and ranks candidates. This takes a couple of meetings. Sometimes, the department agrees on the very top candidates early. As the director of the grad program, I push for early consensus on a couple of candidates, because then I can notify these top candidates with offers and incentives. They have, like everyone else, until April 15 to accept/decline, although in my experience, none of my candidates have EVER waited until that late to decide.</p>
<p>I hope to encourage them to accept/decline much earlier. That way, I can move down our ranked list and extend offers. I also know that one program in my field does not notify until the first week of April. So if a candidate tells me s/he is waiting to hear from University of Late Notifications, I know I'm going to have to wait on that candidate. <em>Sigh of resignation.</em></p>
<p>At the next committee meeting, I am going to push my faculty to get all rankings completed. I also want them to identify all of the declined candidates. That will enable me to send that list to the Graduate School immediately, so they can send out those letters. And, more importantly to me, I can notify the accepted candidates of admission. I will not be able to give them any information about offers/awards, however, until I hear from my top candidates. I find this distressing, since I want to convey enthusiasm for each accepted candidate, but my enthusiasm sometimes is not "heard" unless it is immediately backed up by an award.</p>
<p>But I must wait for our top choices to make their decisions. I COMMUNICATE with them in the interim, and I expect (and receive) honesty from them. Often, they tell me they are waiting for University of YZ, and that's fair enough. I know when University of YZ notifies. When they finally hear from U of YZ, the candidate contacts me, and I can move down the list, if necessary, and call to extend offers to the next-ranked candidate. </p>
<p>My department's applicant pool is deep enough (and our program is strong enough) so that we always have a couple of accepted students who commit to attend without support. I sometimes have the pleasure of calling one of these students a few days before April 15 with an offer of support. I love those calls. :)</p>
<p>I do hope this helps to demystify the process a bit.</p>
<p>Best wishes to all of you.</p>