I would write about my experience with discovering and accepting my religious beliefs/church in an application to a Jesuit school. One of their core values includes spiritual growth which is exactly I would write about (in a positive manner). This subject is important to me and so is the Jesuit affiliation of the school so would it be acceptable to break the “no religion” college essay rule under this circumstance?
Sure. If it matters to you at that level.
I wouldn’t suggest that it will give anyone a “religious-osity” preference at most Jesuit schools.
You can write about your faith when applying to any college. If it’s meaningful to you and you can craft it into a great essay - go for it. I know someone who wrote about their religion and was accepted into a top school (ivy).