<p>In my research of the admissions process at most selective colleges, I’m pretty confident the selection process is (somewhat) as follows:</p>
<p>Your application is submitted to the college/university. A file with your name on it is created to hold all your application materials. Each update/recommendation/etc. is timestamped with the date of receipt. While some applications are reviewed before they are fully complete, most admissions offices wait until the application is complete before reviewing them.</p>
<p>They are then assigned to an admissions officer that gives a thorough-as-possible review of the entire application (“holistically” as described by the admissions offices) in around 15 minutes. Comments and ratings are written on a comment card and it is then sent to a second reader for an additional, albeit less-thorough analysis. If the applicant is very weak, the second reader can confirm the initial reader’s recommendation and arrange for the student to be denied. If the application is very strong, the second reader can confirm for the applicant to be accepted. While neither of these extremes involve a committee, they both require the approval of a dean/other official, who makes the final decision to reject/accept the student outright. These outright acceptances will usually lead to a likely letter.</p>
<p>A good number of applications are strong enough to make it to committee. A region is assigned to each admissions officer at committee, who then looks at all the competitive applicants from his/her assigned region and decides which ones he/she wants to advocate for when the committee meets for review. They share the strengths and weaknesses of each applicant with the committee (this is where the comment card becomes incredibly important; I know at Amherst and at Dartmouth, the comment card is usually the primary thing looked at by the committee. Application materials themselves are looked at only if the committee needs further evaluation to make a decision) and the committee votes. The vote will (usually) lead to an acceptance, waitlist, or denial. Sometimes the committee will put the candidate aside and come back to him/her, but rarely. All the while, the committee knows the general number of students who can be accepted and waitlisted, leading them to be more or less selective as needed.</p>
<p>A final list is then sent to the financial aid office, which creates an award package for inclusion with the formal acceptance packet. Students are then notified by either a general date or on a rolling basis.</p>
<p>That’s it in a nutshell. One big difference between private and public schools is that public schools often have a magic number that, if the applicant accumulates enough points to meet/pass it, they will be accepted. Controversially, being a URM will give you a point boost, making it then easier to reach the magic number (this is the practice used at the college in my neck of the woods, the University of Michigan). The strength of your application, including academics, extracurriculars, and recommendations, is what will give you points in the eyes of the admissions officers. At most top privates, a general score out of 9 (or some other integer) is assessed for different aspects of an application, such as academic and extracurricular strength. Depending on the competitiveness of that particular applicant pool, an 8 or a 9 is often required in at least one area to be admitted (although not always. Colleges can and do admit candidates with lower scores, e.g. if they are a recruited athlete, for example).</p>
<p>I am not sure how this is specifically done at UNC, but this is what I’ve gathered regarding the general admissions process. Hope this helps!</p>