Currently, DOs graduating in the top third of their programs are matching into competitive specialties at DO programs and some at MD programs. (DOs applying to MD residencies need to take the USMLE as well as the COMLEX.)
With the upcoming MD-DO residency merger—I have no idea how residency matching is going shake out. No one does.
I would like to interject a word of counsel here–do NOT go into medicine unless you would be happy to match into a less competitive specialty, esp. into primary care fields. If you can only see yourself as an orthopedist, radiation oncologist, pediatric gastroenterologist, cardiologist, thoracic surgeon, or , please seriously consider an alternate career. Why? Competitive specialties are …. competitive and the likelihood of you matching into one is small. (Not a knock on you, just a statement of fact.)
In general, your sGPA should be close to your GPA. (And according to AMCAS, the average accepted GPA is 3.65+ for the last cycle. So figure the average accepted sGPA is close to that.)
With the dip in your GPA, you have no choice but to delay applying. Your GPA/sGPA has taken a big hit. You need time to repair that. Additionally, you have no research, no shadowing and only a limited amount clinical experience. You need time to remedy those deficits too.
Applying with a weak app will only hurt you in the long run. Re-applicants have a higher bar to jump than first time applicants. Also a cycle of med school applications is expensive and stressful. You really, really don’t want to have to apply more than once. Do it once and do it right.
As for your loans, plan on finding a post-graduation job. Since you know ahead of time you will not be going straight to med school, you should go talk to the career center at your college now about what types of jobs individuals with your degree get. You should think about–and ask the career center-- the types of skills you need to acquire to make you more employable.
Or if you’re willing to, you can look at some “typical” gap year pre-med job–CNA, EMT, phlebotomist, medical scribe. These don’t pay especially well, but they do pay and you’ll be gaining clinical experience.
After graduation, you can apply for income-based repayment for your loans–which will reduce your monthly payments. You might consider living at home post-graduation to reduce your living costs.
Each medical school makes it own determination of ORM/URM. Certain Asian groups may be designated URMs if there is a significant medically underserved community within a med school’s area of service. As an example, my state has a significant Vietnamese population, many of whom originally were settled here as refugees after the fall of Saigon. Our state med school considers Vietnamese as URMs for admission purposes.
At many med schools, Cambodians, Hmong and Vietnamese are considered URMs.